Liquid-State Physical Chemistry: Fundamentals, Modeling, and Applications (2013)
Appendix A. Units, Physical Constants, and Conversion Factors
Basic and Derived SI Units
Quantity |
Unit |
Symbol |
Length |
meter |
m |
Mass |
kilogram |
kg |
Time |
second |
s |
Electric current |
ampere |
A |
Temperature |
kelvin |
K |
°C |
t/°C = T/K –273.15 |
|
Amount of substance |
mole |
mol |
Force |
newton |
N = kg m s−2 |
Work, energy, heat |
joule |
J = N m |
Power |
watt |
W = J s−1 |
Pressure |
pascal |
Pa = N m−2 |
Frequency |
hertz |
Hz = s−1 |
Electrical charge |
coulomb |
C = A s |
Electrical potential |
volt |
V = J C−1 |
Electrical resistance |
ohm |
Ω = V A−1 |
Physical Constants
Constant |
Symbol |
Value |
Avogadro's number |
NA |
6.022 × 1023 mol−1 |
Elementary charge |
e |
1.602 × 10−19 C |
Electron rest mass |
me |
9.109 × 10−31 kg |
Proton rest mass |
mp |
1.673 × 10−27 kg |
Neutron rest mass |
mn |
1.675 × 10−27 kg |
Atomic mass unit (dalton) |
amu (Da) |
1.661 × 10−27 kg |
Gas constant |
R |
8.315 J mol−1 K−1 |
Boltzmann's constant |
k = R/NA |
1.381 × 10−23 J K−1 |
Planck's constant |
h |
6.626 × 10−34 J s |
ħ = h/2π |
1.055 × 10−34 J s |
|
Standard acceleration of gravity |
g |
9.807 m s−2 |
Speed of light |
c0 |
2.998 × 108 m s−1 |
Faraday constant |
F = eNA |
9.649 × 104 C mol−1 |
Permeability of the vacuum |
μ0 |
4π × 10−7 N A−2 (exact) |
Permittivity of the vacuum |
ε0 = 1/μ0 c02 |
8.854 × 10−12 C2 N−1 m−2 |
Conversion Factors for Non-SI Units
1 dyne = 10−5 N
1 bar = 105 Pa
1 atm = 1.013 bar
1 torr = 1/760 atm
1 psi = 6.895 × 103 Pa
1 int. cal = 4.187 J
1 erg = 10−7 J
1 eV = 1.602 × 10−19 J
1 eV/particle = 96.48 kJ mol−1
1 D = 3.336 × 10−30 C m
1 l = 1 dm3 = 10−3 m3
1 cm−1 = 1.986 × 10−23 J
hc/k = 1.438 cm K
Prefixes
pico p = 10−12
nano n = 10−9
micro μ = 10−6
milli m = 10−3
kilo k = 103
mega M = 106
giga G = 109
tera T = 1012
Greek Alphabet
A, α |
alpha |
B, β |
beta |
Γ, γ |
gamma |
Δ, δ |
delta |
E, ε |
epsilon |
Z, ς |
zeta |
H, η |
eta |
Θ, θ, ϑ |
theta |
I, ι |
iota |
K, κ |
kappa |
Λ, λ |
lambda |
M, μ |
mu |
N, ν |
nu |
Ξ, ξ |
xi |
O, o |
omicron |
Π, π |
pi |
P, ρ |
rho |
Σ, σ |
sigma |
T, τ |
tau |
Y, υ |
upsilon |
Φ, φ, ϕ |
phi |
X, χ |
chi |
Ψ, ψ |
psi |
Ω, ω |
omega |
Standard Values
kT at 298 K = 207.2 cm−1 = 4.116 × 10−21 J = 2.569 × 10−2 eV
Standard molar volume Vm° = RT/P° = 2.479 × 10−4 m3 mol−1
Standard pressure P° = 1 bar = 100 kN = 105 N m−2