Waves - 5 Steps to a 5 500 AP Physics Questions to Know by Test Day

5 Steps to a 5 500 AP Physics Questions to Know by Test Day (2012)

Chapter 15. Waves

421. Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal wave?

(A) Water wave

(B) Microwave

(C) Sound wave

(D) Radio wave

(E) X-ray

422. The amplitude of a wave is represented by which of the following distances?

(A) Crest to trough

(B) Crest to crest

(C) Trough to trough

(D) Twice the crest

(E) Crest to horizontal axis

423. A wave has a frequency of 100 Hz. What is the period of the wave?

(A) 0.001 s

(B) 0.01 s

(C) 0.1 s

(D) 1 s

(E) 100 s

424. A wave has a frequency of 100 Hz and a wavelength of 1 m. What is the velocity of the wave?

(A) 0.01 m/s

(B) 1 m/s

(C) 10 m/s

(D) 100 m/s

(E) 1,000 m/s

425. The highest sound that a human can hear has a wavelength of 17.2 cm. What is the frequency of this wave?

(A) 20 Hz

(B) 200 Hz

(C) 2,000 Hz

(D) 20 kHz

(E) 20 MHz

426. A jackhammer operator wears a set of protective headphones. Through the headphones, a sound wave is broadcast that is 180° out of phase with the jackhammer sound wave. The result is that he does not hear the sound of the jackhammer. The two sound waves are an example of which of the following?

(A) Standing wave

(B) Transverse wave

(C) Destructive interference

(D) Constructive interference

(E) Doppler effect

427. You have an open tube with a length of 0.5 m. What is the fundamental frequency that can be played in that tube at 20°C?

(A) 34 Hz

(B) 86 Hz

(C) 172 Hz

(D) 343 Hz

(E) 686 Hz

428. A screen is located 2.0 m from a diffraction grating. The spacing within the grating is 0.5 mm. If a light of 475 nm shines through the grating onto the screen, how far will the second-order spot be from the center?

(A) 3.8 μm

(B) 3.8 mm

(C) 3.8 cm

(D) 0.38 m

(E) 3.8 m

429. A wave of green light (λ = 510 nm) enters a block of material. The wavelength of light within the material is 638 nm. What is the index of refraction of the material?

(A) 0.5

(B) 0.7

(C) 0.8

(D) 1.0

(E) 1.2

430. [For Physics C Students Only]. Which of Maxwell’s equations represents Faraday’s law, i.e., a changing magnetic flux through a loop of wire induces an electromagnetic field (EMF)?

(A) Equation 0

(B) Equation 1

(C) Equation 2

(D) Equation 3

(E) Equation 4

Questions 431–433 use the following figure:

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431. Two waves are traveling on a string. The directions and amplitude of each wave is shown in the figure. When the two waves meet, what will be the amplitude of the resulting wave?

(A) −4A/3

(B) −2A/3

(C) 0

(D) 2A/3

(E) 4A/3

432. The figure depicts which of the following phenomena?

(A) Standing wave

(B) Transverse wave

(C) Destructive interference

(D) Constructive interference

(E) Doppler effect

433. After the waves interact, what will happen?

(A) One wave (2A/3) will travel to the right.

(B) One wave (-2A/3) will travel to the left.

(C) There will be no more waves.

(D) One wave (+A) will travel to the right, while one wave (-A/3) will travel to the left.

(E) One wave (-A) will travel to the right, while one wave (+A/3) will travel to the left.

434. A 0.5-m tube is placed in a bucket of water. The tube can be moved up and down to vary the length of the column of air inside. The temperature of both the water and air is 20°C. A 440-Hz tuning fork is struck and placed over the mouth of the tube. The tube is moved up and down until the first resonance can be heard. What is the length of the column of air inside the tube when this happens?

(A) 0.09 m

(B) 0.19 m

(C) 0.27 m

(D) 0.38 m

(E) 0.5 m

435. A tsunami wave travels at 720 km/h and has a period of 10 min. What is the wavelength of the wave?

(A) 2.0 km

(B) 7.5 km

(C) 120 km

(D) 720 km

(E) 750 km

436. [For Physics C Students Only] Which of the following will produce a wave of light?

(A) An accelerating neutron

(B) A proton moving at constant velocity

(C) An electron moving at constant velocity

(D) A neutron moving at constant velocity

(E) An accelerating proton

437. The index of refraction of gasoline is 1.4. If a wave of yellow light (λ = 590 nm) enters the gasoline, what will the wavelength be inside the gasoline?

(A) 245 nm

(B) 421 nm

(C) 590 nm

(D) 826 nm

(E) 1,180 nm

438. A light wave travels from a vacuum into a piece of glass with an index of refraction of 1.5. What is the speed of the wave inside the glass?

(A) 1.5 × 108 m/s

(B) 2.0 × 108 m/s

(C) 2.5 × 108 m/s

(D) 2.75 × 108 m/s

(E) 3.0 × 108 m/s

439. Monochromatic light of wavelength 500 nm passes through a 5-μm slit and produces an interference pattern on a screen. At what angle from the slit would you find the fifth spot from the center?

(A) 10°

(B) 30°

(C) 45°

(D) 60°

(E) 80°

440. Which of the following EMF waves has the longest wavelength?

(A) Ultraviolet light

(B) Radio waves

(C) Blue light

(D) Microwaves

(E) X-rays

441. A favorite radio station is located on the dial at 100 MHz. What is the wavelength of the radio waves emitted from the radio station?

(A) 3 m

(B) 30 m

(C) 300 m

(D) 3 km

(E) 300 km

442. A sound from a moving object changes frequency as it passes you. What is this phenomenon called?

(A) Young’s modulus

(B) Maxwell effect

(C) Michelson shift

(D) Doppler effect

(E) Einstein bridge

443. What will be the frequency of the third harmonic in an organ pipe (closed at one end) if the pipe is 3 m long?

(A) 86 Hz

(B) 172 Hz

(C) 343 Hz

(D) 515 Hz

(E) 686 Hz

444. A 440-Hz and a 320-Hz tuning fork are struck simultaneously. What is the beat frequency that you hear?

(A) 80 Hz

(B) 120 Hz

(C) 320 Hz

(D) 380 Hz

(E) 440 Hz

445. A thin film of soap (n = 1.5) is surrounded by air on both sides. A 600-nm beam of light strikes it perpendicular to the surface of the film. What must be the minimum thickness of the soap film to cause constructive interference?

(A) 100 nm

(B) 200 nm

(C) 300 nm

(D) 400 nm

(E) 600 nm

446. Two waves are traveling on a string. The directions and amplitude of each wave is shown in the figure. When the two waves meet, what will be the amplitude of the resulting wave?

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(A) A/2

(B) A

(C) 3A/2

(D) 2A

(E) 4A

447. Which of the following measurements is used to find the wavelength?

(A) Crest to zero displacement

(B) Crest to trough

(C) Trough to zero displacement

(D) Trough to crest

(E) Crest to crest

448. A light wave travels through water at 2.26 × 108 m/s. The temperature of the water is 20°C. What is the index of refraction of the water?

(A) 1.0

(B) 1.1

(C) 1.3

(D) 1.5

(E) 2.0 Use Experiments 1 and 2 to answer Question 449.

Experiment 1

Laser λ = 670 nm

Distance of screen from slit = 1.0 m

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Experiment 2

Slit spacing is 0.01 mm

Distance of screen from slit = 1.0 m

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449. A student replicates Young’s double slit experiment. In Experiment 1, he uses a 670-nm laser pointer and varies the spacing between the two slits. He measures the distance of each ordered spot from the center and plots that distance versus the order number. In Experiment 2, he uses a slit spacing of 0.01 mm and varies the wavelength by using three different laser pointers. He measures the distance of each ordered spot from the center and plots that distance versus the order number.

Using the data, answer the following questions:

(a) How does the distance of the spots from the center change with the order?

(b) What happens to the distance between the spots as you change the slit spacing?

(c) How does the distance between the spots change when you change the wavelength of light?

(d) If you needed to separate the colors from a white light bulb as far as possible, what would be the best way to do it?

450. A thin oil film lies on the top of a glass slide as shown in the figure. When sunlight shines perpendicularly down on the oil film, it appears yellow (blue light – 475 nm is subtracted out). What is the minimum, nonzero, thickness of the film that shows this reflected yellow light? (Show your work.)

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