5 Steps to a 5: AP Chemistry 2020 - Moore J.T., Langley R.H. 2020

Appendixes
Common Ions

Ions Usually with One Oxidation State

Cations with More than One Oxidation State

Polyatomic Ions and Acids

Oxyhalogen Acids

Other Ions

Ligands

Colors of Common Ions in Aqueous Solution

Most common ions are colorless in solution; however, some have distinctive colors. These colors have appeared in questions on the AP exam.