MCAT General Chemistry Review - Alexander Stone Macnow, MD 2019-2020
The Periodic Table
Answers to Concept Checks
· 2.1
1. The modern periodic table is arranged in order by atomic number.
2.
|
Element |
A or B |
Element |
A or B |
Element |
A or B |
Element |
A or B |
|
Ag |
B |
Al |
A |
K |
A |
P |
A |
|
Pb |
A |
Li |
A |
Pu |
B |
U |
B |
|
Cu |
B |
Cf |
B |
Zn |
B |
B |
A |
|
N |
A |
Np |
B |
O |
A |
He |
A |
· 2.2
1. Metals have luster. Nonmetals have poor conductivity. Metalloids exhibit brittleness but good conductivity. Any answers within each of these categories are acceptable.
2.
|
Element |
Class |
Element |
Class |
Element |
Class |
Element |
Class |
|
Ag |
M |
Al |
M |
K |
M |
P |
NM |
|
Pb |
M |
Li |
M |
Pu |
M |
U |
M |
|
Cu |
M |
As |
MO |
Zn |
M |
B |
MO |
|
Si |
MO |
Np |
M |
O |
NM |
He |
NM |
· 2.3
1. F— > F; K > K+. The ionic radii of anions are larger than the associated atomic radii, while the ionic radii of cations are smaller.
2. Ionization energy: carbon > germanium > calcium > potassium
3. Electron affinity: barium < yttrium < copper < sulfur
4. Electronegativity: oxygen > antimony > thallium > neon
5. Atomic radius: xenon < niobium < tantalum < praseodymium
· 2.4
1.
§ High reactivity to water: Groups 1 and 2
§ Six valence electrons: Groups 6 and 16
§ Contain at least one metal: Groups 1 through 15
§ Multiple oxidation states: All groups; most notably Groups 3 through 12 (transition metals)
§ Negative oxidation states: Almost all groups; most notably Groups 14 through 17 (nonmetals)
§ Possess a full octet in the neutral state: Group 18