Practice Makes Perfect: Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions, Premium 3rd Edition (2016)
Part I. PRONOUNS
Chapter 9. Direct object pronouns
The direct object answers the question “What?” or “Whom?” with regard to the verb in a sentence or clause. Consider the sentence, “John has the book.” One can ask, “What does John have?” “John has the book”; thus, “the book” is the direct object. The direct object pronoun “it” can therefore replace the direct object noun in the sentence: “John has it.”
In the sentence, “John sees Mary,” one can ask, “Whom does John see?” “John sees Mary”; thus, “Mary” is the direct object. The direct object pronoun “her” can replace “Mary” in the sentence: “John sees her.”
Pronoun placement in affirmative sentences
In an affirmative statement or clause with one verb, the direct object pronoun immediately precedes the conjugated verb.
Complete each sentence with the correct direct object pronoun.
Traducción
1. I love you. _______________________
2. I love him. _______________________
3. He loves me. _______________________
4. I see you [sing., informal]. _______________________
5. I know you [sing., formal]. _______________________
6. She sees him. _______________________
7. I drink it [m.]. _______________________
8. I have it [f.]. _______________________
9. You [sing., informal] have it [m.]. _______________________
10. She has them [m.]. _______________________
11. You love me. _______________________
12. I love her. _______________________
13. They love us. _______________________
14. You [sing., informal] see me. _______________________
15. You [pl., informal] know me. _______________________
16. We see her. _______________________
17. They eat it [f.]. _______________________
18. I want it [m.]. _______________________
19. We want it [f.]. _______________________
20. We have them [f.]. _______________________
Respond to each of the following questions with a complete sentence, using a direct object pronoun. Respond to items 4 through 14 in the affirmative.
1. ¿Dónde compras la ropa? ______________________________
2. ¿Dónde compras los libros? ______________________________
3. ¿Dónde estudias español? ______________________________
4. ¿Conoces al presidente de los Estados Unidos? ______________________________
5. ¿Tomas un café cada día? ______________________________
6. ¿Comprendes esta lección? ______________________________
7. ¿Lees la revista Teenbeat?
8. ¿Lees el periódico cada día? ______________________________
9. ¿Haces la cama cada día? ______________________________
10. ¿Conoces la capital de España? ______________________________
11. ¿Ves las estrellas ahora? ______________________________
12. ¿Comes mucho pan? ______________________________
13. ¿Miras las telenovelas (soap operas)? ______________________________
14. ¿Lees poemas románticos a menudo? ______________________________
Pronoun placement in negative sentences
In a negative sentence or clause with one verb, the direct object pronoun is placed between the word “no” (or other term of negation) and the conjugated verb.
Traducción Unless otherwise indicated, use the second-person singular Spanish form for English you.
1. I don’t have it [m.]. ______________________________
2. She doesn’t see it [f.]. ______________________________
3. I don’t know him. ______________________________
4. You don’t know me. ______________________________
5. They don’t buy it [f.]. ______________________________
6. He doesn’t write it [m.]. ______________________________
7. They don’t read them [m.]. ______________________________
8. She doesn’t earn it [m.]. ______________________________
9. I don’t wear it [m.]. ______________________________
10. We don’t see you. ______________________________
11. You don’t have it [f.]. ______________________________
12. They don’t see it [m.]. ______________________________
13. He doesn’t know me. ______________________________
14. They don’t know us. ______________________________
15. We don’t use it [m.]. ______________________________
16. She doesn’t read it [m.]. ______________________________
17. We don’t sing them [f.]. ______________________________
18. You [pl., formal] don’t have it [m.]. ______________________________
19. You never wear them [m.]. ______________________________
20. You never see us. ______________________________
Pronoun placement in affirmative sentences with two verbs
In a statement or clause that contains two verbs, the first verb is conjugated and the second one remains in the infinitive form. There are two options for placement of the direct object pronoun in Spanish.
1. Place the direct object pronoun immediately before the first verb, which is conjugated.
2. Attach the direct object pronoun directly to the second verb, which is the infinitive form of the verb.
Note that both options are used in writing and in conversation; however, the second option is used more frequently.
Complete each sentence with the correct direct object pronoun attached to the infinitive.
Traducción Translate each sentence into Spanish, making changes for the direct objects as follows: For items 1 through 5, place the direct object pronoun before the conjugated verb; for items 6 through 10, attach the direct object pronoun to the infinitive.
1. He wants to see me. ___________________________________
2. She wants to kiss him. ___________________________________
3. You [sing., informal] should eat them [m.]. ___________________________________
4. They have to do it [f.]. ___________________________________
5. We want to meet them [f.]. ___________________________________
6. She has to sing it [f.]. ___________________________________
7. I should read it [m.]. ___________________________________
8. I want to see you [sing., informal] tomorrow. ___________________________________
9. They need to have it [m.] by (para) tomorrow. ___________________________________
10. Juan can see us. ___________________________________
Pronoun placement in questions and negative sentences with two verbs
For both questions and negative statements that have two verbs, the direct object pronoun can be placed before the conjugated verb or attached directly to the infinitive, just as in affirmative sentences with two verbs.
Traducción Translate each sentence into Spanish, attaching the direct object pronoun to the infinitive form. Unless otherwise indicated, use the second-person singular Spanish form for English you.
1. Do you want to see it [f.] with me?
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2. Are you going to eat it [m.]?
_______________________________________________________
3. Should we drink it [f.] now, or should we put it in the refrigerator?
_______________________________________________________
4. Can we eat it [m.], or should we throw it into (a) the garbage?
_______________________________________________________
5. You shouldn’t put them [m.] in the living room.
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6. If you don’t want to have it [f.], you should put it in the box and return (devolver) it.
_______________________________________________________
7. I can’t wear them [m.] to a formal party.
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8. Why can’t you see me?
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9. You don’t have to do it [m.] today.
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10. Do you want to open them [f.] in the morning and close them in the evening?
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Traducción Translate each sentence into Spanish, placing the direct object pronoun before the conjugated verb. Unless otherwise indicated, use the second-person singular Spanish form for English you.
1. I don’t want to see you [m., pl., formal] tonight.
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2. You shouldn’t return (devolver) it [f.].
_______________________________________________________
3. Why can’t you say it [m.] ?
_______________________________________________________
4. We are not going to see her at (en) the library.
_______________________________________________________
5. She can’t throw them [f.] in (a) the garbage. She should recycle (reciclar) them.
_______________________________________________________
6. When can I see them [f.]?
_______________________________________________________
7. If you don’t want to hear it [m.], you can turn off (apagar) the radio.
_______________________________________________________
8. Where do you want to store (guardar) them [m.]? Can we put them here?
_______________________________________________________
9. Are you [pl., formal] going to sell it [f.]?
_______________________________________________________
10. No, you cannot hit (golpear) him!
_______________________________________________________
Traducción
I know that Marcos has my money, my shoes, and the table and chairs for my dining room. He thinks that I don’t know this, but, yes, I know it. First, the money. I know that he has it because I can see it in that drawer (over there). Second, the shoes. I need them, because if I don’t wear them, I can’t run fast or (ni) jump well. Third, the table. I don’t know why (por qué) he has it or (ni) why he wants it. I want to put it in my new house. He believes that the chairs are his, but it’s not true. They are mine. And I want them now.
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