SAT 2016
CHAPTER 4
THE SAT WRITING AND LANGUAGE TEST: THE TEN ESSENTIAL RULES
CHAPTER 4 ANSWER KEY
Exercise 1
1. The team were was met.
2. The flock look looks like a whirlwind.
3. Carmen were was unaffected.
4. Juggling seem seems too much.
5. Others is are concerned.
6. Every one has supported my decision. (correct)
7. The fact have has forced some historians …
8. The progression are a result of gradual modifications, not sudden overhaul. The subject and verb disagree, but more important, they are weak and unclear. Revision: We progress more by small increments than by major upheavals.
9. The development were affected by the lack. The subject and verb disagree, but more important, they are weak and unclear. Revision: The discord within the revolutionary army hindered social and political development.
10. This report is intended. Very uninformative subject and verb. Revision: The administration responded poorly to the most recent crises in the Middle East.
Exercise 2
1. was
2. were
3. is
4. goes
5. wants
6. was
7. are
8. is
9. are
10. are
11. are
12. have
13. was
14. have
15. are
16. go
17. are
18. was
19. has
20. was
21. has
22. utter
23. are
Exercise 3
1. The comedy The Return, the third and latest movie directed by H. K. Schaffer, daughter of famed screenwriter George Schaffer, has received widespread critical acclaim.
2. An international team of scientists has discovered that the prefrontal cortex governs impulse control in humans, providing an important insight into criminal behavior.
3. Although electric cars are widely considered to be environmentally friendly, the electricity they use often comes from power plants that burn coal or other fossil fuels, which generate copious greenhouse emissions.
4. Regular exercise not only strengthens your muscles and heart, but also oxygenates your brain, helping it work more efficiently.
5. Although we are motivated by our principles, those principles change as our experiences transform our priorities.
Exercise 4
1. One of their greatest challenges, DNA contamination, has recently been overcome at the Max Planck Institute in Germany, where biologists have developed a “clean room,” like those used in manufacturing computer chips and space telescopes, to examine minute bits of genetic material from 400,000-yearold hominid bones.
2. However, evidence suggests that the loss of autonomy and frequent humiliation that prisoners receive only aggravates the crime problem by exacerbating any short- or long-term psychological issues that make them susceptible to antisocial and criminal impulses.
3. Nevertheless, the willingness to equate all governmental institutions with tyranny is an enormously dangerous one that can only impede moral, economic, and cultural progress.
Exercise 5
1. … reforming the tax code, improving the schools, and reviving good relations …
2. … but about using your time well.
3. … the more you will like her.
4. … but also very reasonably priced.
5. … exacerbated by esoteric financial instruments, skittish investors, and oblivious regulators.
6. … is very supportive and knowledgeable.
7. … give the tickets to Maria or to Caitlyn.
8. … experienced contracting wealth, increasing risk spreads, and deteriorating credit markets.
9. I prefer the romantic virtuosity of Liszt to the emotional accessibility of Chopin.
10. … not so much for the music as for the spirit of free expression.
Exercise 6
1. As I rounded the bend
2. Martha was compelled by her creative instinct
3. Claudius unsheathed his sword
4. There are a lot of apps and websites to help you find a good Thai restaurant.
5. Even though Adam had a sprained ankle, the coach forced him
6. As we walked back to the car, we found my lost earrings.
7. David was concerned primarily with
8. the hikers pitched an early camp because of the looming storm
9. Allison was frightened
10. Without your being aware of it
11. We were surprised to hear Carol, whom we always regarded as a dutiful mother,
12. Sprinters say that proper hip positioning is essential to getting a good jump out of the starting blocks.
13. the town council is considering proposals for cutbacks
14. the senator planned
15. Although Portland is famous for its visual arts scene, its
16. the magician made the coin disappear instantly
17. Physicians recommend both vigorous exercise and disciplined eating for maintaining good health.
18. we saw one at a garage sale
Exercise 7
1. much stronger → much more strongly
2. foully → foul
3. never usually → rarely
4. most → more
5. weren’t hardly → weren’t
6. easier → more easily
7. clearer → more clearly
8. more easy → easier
9. the most unique → unique
10. won’t barely → won’t
11. never told → didn’t tell
12. never usually → rarely
Exercise 8
1. anything → anything else
2. key → keys
3. American classrooms → those in American classrooms
4. conventional cars → those of conventional cars
5. as inscrutable, if not more so, than → as inscrutable as, if not more inscrutable than,
6. Shakespeare → Shakespeare’s poetry
7. much → many
8. between → among
9. a lifeguard → lifeguards
10. is you have → is having
Exercise 9
1. where → when
2. a student wants → you want (or begin → he or she should begin)
3. she → Julia (or Caroline)
4. that → who
5. their → its, him or her → them
6. it → they
7. that → who, they → he or she
8. one → you (or you → one)
9. he → Jack (or Ted or whoever was missing the shots)
10. his or her → their
11. where → in which
12. Everyone → They all (or their → his or her)
13. they → it
14. that → who
15. each swimmer → all swimmers (or themselves → himself or herself)
16. that → who
Exercise 10
1. me
2. he (did)
3. We
4. his or her
5. us
6. me
7. him
8. I
9. our
10. I
11. him and me
12. We
13. me
14. me
15. his
16. me
17. your
Exercise 11
1. came, had stayed
2. having spent, has written
3. Having developed, hoped
4. went
5. is, published
6. Having found, had
7. Having been, began
8. arrived, started
9. adjourned, had voted
10. had not scored
11. uses, based
12. had, had hiked
13. Having walked, were
14. will have written
15. Having won, was, would win
16. is
17. worry, forget
18. have completed
19. believed, were caused
20. often worry
Exercise 12
1. affect
2. eradicate
3. morale
4. complements
5. distinguish
6. imply
7. given
8. affect
9. tense
10. principal
11. disparaged
12. compel
13. antidote
14. dilute
15. exceeded
16. converted
17. inequity
18. anonymously
19. elicit
20. adapt
21. blossomed
22. discreet
23. council
24. flout
25. gamut
26. infer
27. curtail
28. phase
29. imminent
30. proceed
31. defusing
32. reluctant
33. supplanted
34. cited
35. redundancies: back, past, new, for the first time, entire, If and, necessarily, consistency and, on, at the same time, to accomplish the same thing, If we take a moment to pause and consider for a second
Exercise 13
1. to
2. on
3. to
4. none
5. to (or for)
6. from
7. with
8. about
9. with
10. into
11. with
12. about
13. from
14. of
15. about
16. to
17. to
18. none
Exercise 14
1. were
2. was, began
3. would promote
4. be
5. were
6. had, would have gotten
7. were
8. were
9. had
10. would
11. were
12. had, would have come
13. be
14. were
15. had
16. were
17. wanted, see
18. would have
19. had, would have
Exercise 15
1. … book, In Cold Blood, is considered the first and the greatest …
2. delete the comma
3. Runners who step out of their lanes during the first lap will be disqualified.
4. … belief, water will reach its boiling point more slowly when it’s …
5. … opinion, the most interesting part of the trip was …
6. It’s easy to see, even on the dreariest of days, how Paris has earned its …
7. … college education, Jill …
8. … whose phone rings, the entire class …
9. … ankle; now she …
10. … your own dog, don’t expect me to pay for its grooming.
11. Don’t expect this to be cheap; perfection has its price.
12. delete the comma
13. I told you: don’t …
14. delete both commas
15. The DVDs that they just received don’t seem to work in their player.
16. cyclotron—like the one Ernest Lawrence built at Berkeley—accelerates …